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Search Results 1 - 25 of 341. Results contain 570 matches


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Thematic

Ideology

An ideology is a set of ideas, beliefs and attitudes, consciously or unconsciously held, which reflects or shapes understandings or misconceptions of the social and political world. It ...

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Overview

Buddhist philosophy, Korean

Buddhism was transmitted to the Korean peninsula from China in the middle of the fourth century ad. Korea at this time was divided into three kingdoms: Kokuryô, ...

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Czech Republic, philosophy in

The foundation of the University of Prague in 1348 contributed significantly to establishing Bohemia as a centre of philosophical thought. The main philosophers and theologians from the University ...

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Chinese philosophy

Any attempt to survey an intellectual tradition which encompasses more than four thousand years would be a daunting task even if it could be presumed that the reader ...

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Thematic

Totalitarianism

A term adopted in the 1920s by the Italian philosopher Giovanni Gentile to describe the ideal fascist state, ‘totalitarianism’ quickly acquired negative connotations as it was applied to ...

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Biographical

Marx, Karl (1818–83)

Karl Marx was the most important of all theorists of socialism. He was not a professional philosopher, although he completed a doctorate in philosophy. His life was devoted ...

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Thematic

Sociobiology

Following Darwin, biologists and social scientists have periodically been drawn to the theory of natural selection as the source of explanatory insights about human behaviour and social institutions. ...

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Political philosophy

Political philosophy can be defined as philosophical reflection on how best to arrange our collective life - our political institutions and our social practices, such as our economic ...

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Biographical

Asmus, Valentin Ferdinandovich (1894–1975)

One of the most accomplished thinkers in the Soviet Marxist tradition, Asmus wrote extensively in many areas of philosophy, and was widely regarded as the Soviet Union’s principal ...

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Thematic

Ecological philosophy

In the early 1970s a small number of academic philosophers in the English-speaking world began to turn their attention to questions concerning the natural environment. Environmental philosophy initially ...

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Biographical

Tkachëv, Pëtr Nikitich (1844–86)

Pëtr Tkachëv, the leading theorist of the ‘Jacobin’ current within Russian revolutionary populism, was a belated disciple of Gracchus (Francois Noël) Babeuf and a forerunner of Vladimir Lenin. ...

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Biographical

Mannheim, Karl (1893–1947)

The sociologist Karl Mannheim moved from an initial concern with philosophical issues concerning cultural change, via the development of an original approach to the sociology of knowledge, to ...

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Thematic

Hungary, philosophy in

The situation of Hungarian philosophy can be best illustrated by two sayings: ‘there are Hungarian philosophers, but there is no Hungarian philosophy’, and ‘a certain period of Hungarian ...

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Thematic

Utopianism

Utopianism is the general label for a number of different ways of dreaming or thinking about, describing or attempting to create a better society. Utopianism is derived from ...

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Thematic

Deconstruction

Although the term is often used interchangeably (and loosely) alongside others like ‘post-structuralism’ and ‘postmodernism’, deconstruction differs from these other movements. Unlike post-structuralism, its sources lie squarely within ...

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Thematic

Conservatism

Conservatism is an approach to human affairs which mistrusts both a priori reasoning and revolution, preferring to put its trust in experience and in the gradual improvement of ...

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Thematic

Self-deception, ethics of

Self-deception is complicated and perplexing because it concerns all major aspects of human nature, including consciousness, rationality, motivation, freedom, happiness, and value commitments. In a wide sense, ‘self-deception’ ...

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Thematic

Marxist aesthetics

‘Marxist Aesthetics’ reviews several Marxist approaches to the analysis of art, including the basic or traditional Marxist approach as well as approaches by Lukács, Benjamin, Adorno, Marcuse, and ...

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Biographical

Ha’am, Ahad (1856–1927)

Ahad Ha’am (Asher Hirsch Ginzberg) was one of the most remarkable Jewish thinkers and Zionist ideologists of his time. Born in the province of Kiev in the Ukraine, ...

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Biographical

Althusser, Louis Pierre (1918–90)

Louis Althusser was the most influential philosopher to emerge in the revival of Marxist theory occasioned by the radical movements of the 1960s. His influence is, on the ...

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Thematic

Feminist philosophy

Feminist philosophy is philosophy that is aimed at understanding and challenging the oppression of women. Feminist philosophy examines issues that are traditionally found in practical ethics and political ...

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French philosophy of science

A distinctively French tradition in the philosophy of science began with Descartes, continued through the Enlightenment in works such as D’Alembert’s Discours préliminaire and the Encyclopédie, and flowered ...

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Thematic

Marxism, Western

Western Marxism is used here as an umbrella term for the various schools of Marxist thought that have flourished in Western Europe since Marx’s death in 1883. It ...

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Thematic

Slavophilism

In the Slav countries outside Russia the term ’Slavophilism’ is a generic name for all advocates of the ’Slav idea’, irrespective of their philosophical views and political commitments. ...

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