Biographical
Confucius (551–479 BC)
Confucius is arguably the most influential philosopher in human history – ‘is’ because, taking Chinese philosophy on its own terms, he is still very much alive. Recognized as ...
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Thematic
Immortality in ancient philosophy
In Greco-Roman philosophy immortality is discussed in two contexts: as an uncontroversial attribute of the gods and as a highly controversial attribute of human souls. Subdividing this latter ...
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Biographical
Philolaus (c.470–380/9 BC)
The Greek philosopher Philolaus of Croton, a contemporary of Democritus and Socrates, was a pre-eminent Pythagorean. His book counts as the first written treatise in the history of ...
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Thematic
Orphism
Orphism, a speculative trend within Greek religion, claimed the mythical singer Orpheus as founder and prophet. In changing forms, it is in evidence from the 6th century ...
Thematic
Psychē
Conventionally translated ‘soul’, psychē is the standard word in classical Greek for the centre of an animal’s, and especially a human being’s, ‘life’. In its earliest usage ...
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Thematic
Pythagoreanism
Pythagoreanism refers to a Greek religious-philosophical movement that originated with Pythagoras in the sixth century bc. Although Pythagoreanism in its historical development embraced a wide range of ...
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Thematic
History of materialism
Materialism is an ontological theory, that is, a theory about the kind of things that exist. In its simplest form, it can be understood to be making one ...
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