Tolstoi, Count Lev Nikolaevich (1828–1910)

By Morson, Gary Saul

Tolstoi expressed philosophical ideas in his novels Voina i mir (War and Peace) (1865–9) and Anna Karenina (1875–7), which are often regarded as the summit of realism, as ...

Fëdorov, Nikolai Fëdorovich (1829–1903)

By Young, George M.

Like many other major figures in the nineteenth-century Russian tradition of speculation, Fëdorov was not an academic philosopher, but an unsystematic religious thinker who sought working answers to ...

Fëdorov, Nikolai Fëdorovich (1829–1903)

Like many other major figures in the nineteenth-century Russian tradition of speculation, Fëdorov was not an academic philosopher, but an unsystematic religious thinker who sought working answers to ...

Art, definition of

Many of the earliest definitions of art were probably intended to emphasize salient or important features for an audience already familiar with the concept, rather than to analyse ...