Version: v2, Published online: 2004
Retrieved October 02, 2023, from https://www.rep.routledge.com/articles/biographical/kant-immanuel-1724-1804/v-2
List of works
Citations to Kant, with the exception of the Critique of Pure Reason, are standardly located by the appropriate volume and page number in Kant (1900-). This practice has been followed in this entry by giving the arabic volume number followed by the arabic page number. Citations to the Critique of Pure Reason are given with the pagination of the first (A) and/or second (B) editions, according to whether the passage occurred in one or both editions.
German editions
Kant, I. (1900–) Kant’s gesammelte Schriften (Kant’s Collected Works), ed. Royal Prussian (subsequently German, then Berlin-Brandenburg) Academy of Sciences, Berlin: Georg Reimer, subsequently Walter de Gruyter, 29 vols, in 34 parts.
(28 volumes are published so far. The edition is divided into four parts: Werke (Works) (vols 1–9), Briefe (Letters) (vols 10–13), Handschriftlicher Nachlaß (Handwritten remains) (vols 14–23), and Vorlesungen (Transcriptions of lectures by other hands) (vols 24–29, no volume 26). This edition, referred to as the ‘Akademie’ edition, is the most complete collection of Kant’s works. While some of its texts of Kant’s published works have been superseded, it remains the only source for most of Kant’s unpublished notes and lectures.)
Kant, I. (1956–62) Immanuel Kant: Werke in sechs Bänden (Immanuel Kant: Works in Six Volumes), ed. W. Weischedel, Wiesbaden: Insel; repr. (in 12 vols but with original pagination) Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp Verlag, 1968.
Kant, I. (1990) Kritik der reinen Vernunft (Critique of Pure Reason), ed. R. Schmidt, with bibliography by Heinrich Klemme, Hamburg: Felix Meiner, 3rd edn.
(Published in the Philosophische Bibliothek series. This edition was the basis for N. Kemp Smith’s translation)
Kant, I. (1996) Kritik der reinen Vernunft Reclam (Critique of Pure Reason), ed. I. Heidemann, Stuttgart: Philipp Reclam Jun.
Kant, I. (1998) Kritik der reinen Vernunft (Critique of Pure Reason), ed. J. Timmerman, Hamburg: Felix Meiner.
(Replacement for Kant (1990), but presentation of divergences between Kant’s two original editions is not as perspicuous.)
The individual editions of many of Kant’s other works in the Felix Meiner Philosophische Bibliothek have also been updated in the last two decades and are worth consulting.
English translations
The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant, edited by P. Guyer and A.W. Wood, will provide new or revised translations of all of the works Kant published in his lifetime and extensive selections from his letters, his surviving notes, drafts and fragments and surviving transcriptions of his lectures. As of 2002, the following volumes had appeared:
Kant, I. (1992) Theoretical Philosophy, 1755–1770, trans. and ed. D. Walford, in collaboration with Ralf Meerbote, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
(Contains all of Kant’s writings up to 1770 except for scientific works and Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime. Important works contained in this volume include his first metaphysical treatise of 1755, the Only Possible Basis for a Demonstration of the Existence of God (1763), the Dreams of a Spirit-Seer (1766), and the inaugural dissertation of 1770.)
Kant, I. (1992) Lectures on Logic, trans. and ed. J.M. Young, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kant, I. (1993) Opus postumum, ed. E. Förster, trans. E. Förster and M. Rosen, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kant, I. (1996) Practical Philosophy, ed. and trans. M.J. Gregor with introduction by A.W. Wood, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kant, I. (1996) Religion and Rational Theology, ed. and trans. G. Di Giovanni and A.W. Wood, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kant, I. (1997) Lectures on Ethics, ed. P. Heath and J.B. Schneewind, trans. P. Heath, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kant, I. (1997) Lectures on Metaphysics, ed. and trans. K. Ameriks and S. Naragon, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kant, I. (1998) Critique of Pure Reason, ed. and trans. P. Gruyer and A.W. Wood, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kant, I. (1999) Correspondence, ed. and trans. A. Zweig, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kant, I. (2000) Critique of the Power of Judgment, ed. P. Guyer, trans. P. Guyer and E. Matthews, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kant, I. (2002) Theoretical Philosophy after 1781, ed. H.E. Allison and P. Heath, trans. H.E. Allison, M. Friedman, G. Hatfield and P. Heath, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
(Contains new translations of the Prolegomena and Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science as well as Kant’s polemical writings from the 1790s.)
The remaining volumes to appear in the Cambridge edition are: Anthropology, History, and Education; Natural Science; Lectures on Anthropology; and Notes and Fragments.
Individual works
Kant, I. (1911) Critique of Aesthetic Judgement, trans., with analytical indexes, J.C. Meredith, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Kant, I. (1928) Critique of Teleological Judgement, trans., with analytical indexes, J.C. Meredith, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Kant, I. (1997) Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics, with selections from the Critique of Pure Reason, ed. and trans. G. Hatfield, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kant, I. (1952) Kant’s Critique of Judgement, trans. J.C. Meredith, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Kant, I. (1960) Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime, trans. J.T. Goldthwait, Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.
Kant, I. (1967) Kant: Philosophical Correspondence 1759–99, trans. A. Zweig, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Kant, I. (1968) Selected Pre-Critical Writings and Correspondence with Beck, trans. G.B. Kerferd and D.E. Walford, with a contribution by P.G. Lucas, Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press and Barnes & Noble.
(Includes Kant’s correspondence with Marcus Herz in the 1770s and J.S. Beck in the 1790s, not included in Kant’s Theoretical Philosophy, 1755–1770.)
Kant, I. (1969) Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens, trans. W. Hastie, with new introduction by M.K. Munitz, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Kant, I. (1970) Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science, trans. J. Ellington, Indianapolis and New York: Bobbs-Merrill; repr., with Prolegomena, in Philosophy of Material Nature, Indianapolis, IN: Hackett, 1985.
Kant, I. (1973) The Kant-Eberhard Controversy: An English translation together with supplementary materials and a historical-analytical introduction of Immanuel Kant’s On a New Discovery According to which Any New Critique of Pure Reason Has Been Made Superfluous by an Earlier One, trans. H.E. Allison, Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Kant, I. (1974) Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View, trans. M.J. Gregor, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.
Kant, I. (1983) What Real Progress Has Metaphysics Made in Germany since the Time of Leibniz and Wolff?, trans. T. Humphrey, New York: Abaris Books.
(Only separate English translation of this unfinished competition entry, posthumously published by Rink in 1804. A new English translation is included in Theoretical Philosophy after 1781.)
Kant, I. (1986) Kant’s Latin Writings: Translations, Commentaries, and Notes, trans. L.W. Beck, M.J. Gregor, R. Meerbote and J.A. Reuscher, New York, Bern, Frankfurt and Paris: Peter Lang.
(Includes some fragments not included in Kant’s Theoretical Philosophy, 1755–1770.)
Kant, I. (1991) The Metaphysics of Morals, trans. M.J. Gregor, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kant, I. (1991) Kant’s Political Writings, ed. H. Reiss, trans. H.B. Nisbet, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2nd edn.
References and further reading
Multi-author anthologies and general background
Beck, L.W. (1965) Studies in the Philosophy of Kant, Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill Company.
Beck, L.W. (1969) Early German Philosophy: Kant and his Predecessors, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Beck, L.W. (1978) Essays on Kant and Hume, New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
Beiser, F.C. (1987) The Fate of Reason: German Philosophy from Kant to Fichte, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Chadwick, R. (1992) Immanuel Kant: Critical Assessments, London: Routledge, 4 vols.
De Vleeschauwer, H.J. (1934–7) La Déduction Transcendentale dans l’œvre de Kant (The Transcendental Deduction in the Work of Kant), Antwerp, Paris, and the Hague: De Sikkel, Champion, and Martinus Nijhoff, 3 vols.
De Vleeschauwer, H.J. (1962) The Development of Kantian Thought: The History of a Doctrine, trans. A.R.C. Duncan, London: Thomas Nelson.
(An abridgement of De Vleeschauwer (1934–7).)
Förster, E. (1989) Kant’s Transcendental Deductions: The Three ‘Critiques’ and the ‘Opus postumum’, Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Guyer, P. (1992) The Cambridge Companion to Kant, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Guyer, P. (1998) Kant’s Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals: Critical Essays, Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
Henrich, D. (1994) The Unity of Reason: Essays on Kant’s Philosophy, ed. R. Velkley, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Höffe, O. (1994) Immanuel Kant, trans. M. Farrier, Albany: State University of New York Press.
Klemme, H.F. and Kuehn, M (1999) Immanuel Kant, Ashgate: Dartmouth, 2 cols.
Timmons, M. (2002) Kant’s Metaphysics of Morals: Interpretative Essays, Oxford: Oxford university Press.
Watkins, E. (2001) Kant and the Sciences, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Wolff, R.P. (1967) Kant: A Collection of Critical Essays, Garden City: Doubleday Anchor.
Individual topics
Allison, H.E. (1983) Kant’s Transcendental Idealism, New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
Allison, H.E. (1990) Kant’s Theory of Freedom, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Allison, H.E. (1996) Idealism and Freedom: Essays on Kant’s Theoretical and Practical Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
(Essays extending and defending the controversial views on transcendental idealism and its role in Kant’s ethics advanced in Allison (1983) and (1990).)
Allison, H.E. (2001) Kant’s Theory of Taste: A Reading of the Critique of Aesthetic Judgment, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ameriks, K. (1982) Kant’s Theory of Mind: An Analysis of the Paralogisms of Pure Reason, Oxford: Clarendon Press. rev edn, 2000
Aune, B. (1979) Kant’s Theory of Morals, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Beck, L.W. (1960) A Commentary on Kant’s Critique of Practical Reason, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Beiser, F.C. (1992) Enlightenment, Revolution and Romanticism: The Genesis of Modern German Political Thought, 1790–1800, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Bennett, J. (1966) Kant’s Analytic, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
(Together with Bennett (1974) constitutes one of the most influential analytical studies of Kant; the 1966 work remains more successful.)
Bennett, J. (1974) Kant’s Dialectic, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
(Together with Bennett (1966) constitutes one of the most influential analytical studies of Kant; the 1966 work remains more successful.)
Brittan, G.G., Jr. (1978) Kant’s Theory of Science, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Brook, A. (1994) Kant and the Mind, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Buchdahl, G. (1992) Kant and the Dynamics of Reason: Essays on the Structure of Kant’s Philosophy, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Butts, R.E. (1986) Kant’s Philosophy of Physical Science: Metaphysische Anfangsgründe der Naturwissenschaft 1786–1986, Dordrecht: Reidel.
Cohen, T. and Guyer P. (1982) Essays in Kant’s Aesthetics, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Crawford, D.W. (1974) Kant’s Aesthetic Theory, Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Crowther, P. (1989) The Kantian Sublime: From Morality to Art, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Dryer, D.P. (1966) Kant’s Solution for Verification in Metaphysics, London: George Allen & Unwin.
England, F.E. (1930) Kant’s Conception of God: A Critical Exposition of its Metaphysical Development together with a Translation of the Nova Delucidatio, New York: Dial Press.
Ewing, A.C. (1924) Kant’s Treatment of Causality, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Förster, E. (2000) Kant’s Final Synthesis: An Essay on the Opus postumum , Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Friedman, M. (1992) Kant and the Exact Sciences, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
(Influential papers on Kant’s philosophy of geometry and physics, and a detailed study of the Opus postumum.)
Galston, W.A. (1975) Kant and the Problem of History, Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
Gardner, S. (1999) Kant and the Critique of Pure Reason , London: Routledge.
Gregor, M. (1963) Laws of Freedom: A Study of Kant’s Method of Applying the Categorical Imperative in the Metaphysik der Sitten, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
(The standard English commentary on the Metaphysics of Morals.)
Grier, M. (2001) Kant’s Doctrine of Transcendental Illusion, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Guyer, P. (1979) Kant and the Claims of Taste, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 2nd edn, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
Guyer, P. (1987) Kant and the Claims of Knowledge, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Guyer, P. (1993) Kant and the Experience of Freedom: Essays on Aesthetics and Morality, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Guyer, P. (2000) Kant on Freedom, Law, and Happiness, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hanna, R. (2001) Kant and the Foundations of Analytical Philosophy, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Herman, B. (1992) The Practice of Moral Judgment, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Hill, T.E., Jr. (1992) Dignity and Practical Reason in Kant’s Moral Theory, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Hill, T.E., Jr. (2000) Respect, Pluralism and Justice: Kantian Perspectives, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Howell, R. (1992) Kant’s Transcendental Deduction: An Analysis of Main Themes in his Critical Philosophy, Dordrecht and Boston: Kluwer.
Kemp Smith, N. (1923) A Commentary to Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason, London: Macmillan, 2nd edn.
Kersting, W. (1993) Wohlgeordnete Freiheit: Immanuel Kants Rechts- und Staatsphilosophie, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2nd edn.
Kersting, W. (1993) Wohlgeordnete Freiheit: Immanuel Kants Rechts- und Staatsphilosophie (Well-ordered Freedom: Immanuel Kant’s Philosophy of Law and of the State), Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2nd edn.
Kitcher, P. (1990) Kant’s Transcendental Psychology, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Korsgaard, C.M. (1996) Creating the Kingdom of Ends, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Langton, R. (1988) Kantian Humility, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Linden, van der, H. (1988) Kantian Ethics and Socialism, Indianapolis, IN, and Cambridge, MA: Hackett.
Longuenesse, B. (1998) Kant and the Capacity to Judge: Sensibility and Discursivity in the Transcendental Analytic of the Critique of Pure Reason , Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Louden, R.B. (2000) Kant’s Impure Ethics: From Rational Beings to Human Beings, New York: Oxford University Press.
Makkreel, R. (1990) Imagination and Interpretation in Kant, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Longuenesse, B. (1998) Kant and the Capacity to Judge: Sensibility and Discursivity in the Transcendental Analytic of the Critique of Pure Reason , trans. C.T. Wolfe, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
McFarland, J.D. (1970) Kant’s Concept of Teleology, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
McLaughlin, P. (1990) Kant’s Critique of Teleology in Biological Explanation, Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press.
Melnick, A. (1973) Kant’s Analogies of Experience, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Melnick, A. (1989) Space, Time, and Thought in Kant, Dordrecht: Kluwer.
Mulholland, L.A. (1990) Kant’s System of Rights, New York: Columbia University Press.
(An interesting successor to Gregor’s commentary on the Metaphysics of Morals.)
Nell, O. (O’Neill) (1975) Acting on Principle: An Essay on Kantian Ethics, New York: Columbia University Press.
O’Neill, O. (1989) Constructions of Reason: Explorations of Kant’s Practical Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Paton, H.J. (1936) Kant’s Metaphysics of Experience: A Commentary on the First Half of the Kritik der reinen Vernunft, London: George Allen & Unwin, 2 vols.
Paton, H.J. (1947) The Categorical Imperative: A Study in Kant’s Moral Philosophy, London: Hutchinson.
(The classical English commentary on the Groundwork.)
Prauss, G. (1974) Kant und das Problem der Dinge an sich (Kant and the Problem of the Ding an sich ), Bonn: Bouvier.
Reich, K. (1992) The Completeness of Kant’s Table of Judgments, trans. J. Kneller and M. Losoncy, Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Riley, P. (1983) Kant’s Political Philosophy, Totowa: Rowman and Littlefield.
Rosen, A.D. (1993) Kant’s Theory of Justice, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Sassen, B. (2000) Kant’s Early Critics: The Empiricist Critique of the Theoretical Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
(Translations of the notorious first review of the Critique of Pure Reason and of many other responses to Kant in the 1780s, including F.H. Jacobi’s influential critique of Kant’s concept of the thing in itself.)
Savile, A. (1987) Aesthetic Reconstructions: The Seminal Writings of Lessing, Kant, and Schiller, Aristotelian Society Series 8, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Savile, A. (1993) Kantian Aesthetics Pursued, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Schönfeld, M. (2000) The Philosophy of the Young Kant: The Precritical Project, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Sherman, N. (1997) Making a Necessity of Virtue: Aristotle and Kant on Virtue, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Strawson, P.F. (1966) The Bounds of Sense: An Essay on Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason, London: Methuen.
Vaihinger, H. (1881–92) Commentar zu Kants Kritik der reinen Vernunft (Commentary on Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason ), Stuttgart: W. Spemann and Union Deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft, 2 vols.
Van Cleve, J. (1999) Problems from Kant, New York: Oxford University Press.
(A lucid analytical study of topics in the first Critique, focusing on space and time, objectivity, the concepts of substance and causation, and transcendental idealism.)
Ward, K. (1972) The Development of Kant’s View of Ethics, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Williams, H. (1983) Kant’s Political Philosophy, New York: St. Martin’s.
Williams, H. (1992) Essays on Kant’s Political Philosophy, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Wolff, R.P. (1963) Kant’s Theory of Mental Activity: A Commentary on the Transcendental Analytic of the Critique of Pure Reason, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Wood, A.W. (1970) Kant’s Moral Religion, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
Wood, A.W. (1978) Kant’s Rational Theology, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
Wood, A.W. (1999) Kant’s Ethical Thought, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Yovel, Y. (1980) Kant and the Philosophy of History, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Zumbach, C. (1984) The Transcendent Science: Kant’s Conception of Biological Methodology, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.
Guyer, Paul. Bibliography. Kant, Immanuel (1724–1804), 2004, doi:10.4324/9780415249126-DB047-2. Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Taylor and Francis, https://www.rep.routledge.com/articles/biographical/kant-immanuel-1724-1804/v-2/bibliography/kant-immanuel-1724-1804-bib.
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