Twentieth-century philosophy

Bibliography and further reading

	Adorno, T. W. (1966) Negative Dialektik, Frankfurt: Suhrkamp.; trans. E. B. Ashton, Negative Dialectics, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul., 1973. (Adorno’s classical treatise on negative dialectics and the contemporary possibility of critical theory.)
	Ayer, A. J. et al. (1965) The Revolution in Philosophy, London: Macmillan. (A series of BBC talks by leading British representatives of analytic philosophy at the time.)
	Badiou, A. (2007) The Century, Cambridge: Polity Press. (Drawing on seminars from 1998–2001, Badiou gives an interpretation of the philosophical themes and trajectory of the twentieth century, arguing for an understanding of twentieth-century philosophy and practice as devoted to projects of formalization with the aim of eliciting or producing an unformalizable “Real.”)
	Baldwin, T. (2001) Contemporary Philosophy: Philosophy in English since 1945, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (An overview of the development and debates of recent and contemporary analytic philosophy in Britain and the United States.)
	Bell, J., Cutrofello, A., and Livingston, P. (eds) (2015) Beyond the Analytic-Continental Divide: Pluralist Philosophy in the Twenty-First Century, New York: Routledge. (A collection of essays on diverse philosophical topics, each one drawing substantively on both the analytic and continental traditions and aiming collectively to show the possibility of “post-divide” philosophy.)
	Brooks, T. (2013) “Philosophy Unbound: The Idea of Global Philosophy,” Metaphilosophy 44(3): 254–266. (Argues for the contemporary development of “global philosophy” as the search across various traditions for solutions to leading contemporary problems of ethics and politics.)
	Carnap, R. (1928) Der logische Aufbau der Welt, Berlin-Schlachtensee: Weltkreis-Verlag.; trans. R. George, The Logical Structure of the World, Berkeley: University of California Press., 1967. (Carnap’s bold and comprehensive program for a structuralization of all scientific concepts.)
	Carnap, R., Hahn, H., and Neurath, O. (1929) Wissenschaftliche Weltauffassung: Der Wiener Kreis, ed. Verein Ernst Mach, Vienna: Artur Wolf Verlag; trans. P. Foulkes and M. Neurath, “The Scientific Conception of the World: The Vienna Circle,” in M. Neurath and R. S. Cohen (eds) Empiricism and Sociology, Dordrecht and Boston: Reidel., 1973, 299–318. (The Vienna Circle’s “manifesto” outlining the project and methods of the “scientific conception of the world.”)
	Chalmers, D., Manley, D., and Wasserman, R. (eds) (2009) Metametaphysics: New Essays on the Foundations of Ontology, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (New essays taking up the question of the possibility and substantive character of ontological inquiry after the linguistic turn.)
	Coffa, J. A. (1987) The Semantic Tradition from Kant to Carnap: To the Vienna Station, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (An instructive and detailed history of semantic themes and developments in the nineteenth century as they informed the early development of the analytic tradition.)
	Davidson, D., and Harman, G. (eds) (1972) Semantics of Natural Language, Dordrecht: D. Reidel. (A collection of essays exhibiting approaches to the semantics and structure of natural language and including the first publication of Kripke’s Naming and Necessity. The “Introduction” defends the idea of a Davidsonian analysis of natural language semantics as converging with the Chomskyian analysis of grammar.)
	Delacampagne, C. (1999) A History of Philosophy in the Twentieth Century, Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press. (A broad-based overview of philosophical movements and projects in the twentieth century, committed to the thesis of the inseparability of philosophical reflection from historical changes and developments.)
	Deleuze, G. (1968) Différence et répétition, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.; trans. P. Patton, Difference and Repetition, New York: Columbia University Press., 1994. (Deleuze’s principal doctoral thesis, arguing for a concept of difference as more basic than identity.)
	Dummett, M. A. E. (1993) The Origins of Analytical Philosophy, London: Duckworth. (Considers the close connections between the initial projects of Husserl and Frege, arguing that the analytic tradition can be identified with the turn to language that Frege effectively took but Husserl failed to).
	Frege, G. (1879) Begriffsschrift, eine der arithmetischen nachgebildete Formelsprache des reinen Denkens, Halle: Nebert.; trans. “Begriffsschrift, a Formula Language, Modelled Upon That of Arithmetic, for Pure Thought,” in J. van Heijenoort (ed.) From Frege to Gödel: A Source Book in Mathematical Logic, 1879–1931, Cambridge: Harvard University Press., 1967, 1–82. (Frege’s system of formal writing, or symbolic logic, for the codification of arithmetic inference).
	Frege, G. (1884) Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik: eine logisch-mathematische Untersuchung über den Begriff der Zahl, Breslau: Koebner.; trans. J. L. Austin, The Foundations of Arithmetic: A Logico-Mathematical Enquiry into the Concept of Number, Oxford: Blackwell., 2nd ed., 1980. (Classical formulation of Frege’s project of defining number and reducing arithmetic judgment to logic and set theory.)
	Frege, G. (1892a) “Über Sinn und Bedeutung,” Zeitschrift für Philosophie und philosophische Kritik 100: 25–50; trans. M. Black, “On Sense and Meaning,” in Collected Papers in Mathematics, Logic, and Philosophy, Oxford: Blackwell, 1984, 157–177. (Frege’s distinction between sense and reference.)
	Friedman, M. (1999) Reconsidering Logical Positivism, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (A collection of articles critically and substantively addressing the philosophy of the Vienna Circle and historically related figures.)
	Gadamer, H.-G. (1960) Wahrheit und Methode, Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr .(Paul Siebeck); trans. Truth and Method, New York: Sheed and Ward., 1975; 2nd ed., rev. trans. J. Weinsheimer and D. G. Marshall, 1989 . (Gadamer’s classic exposition of philosophical hermeneutics and the distinction between hermeneutic truth and scientific method.)
	Glendinning, S. (2006) The Idea of Continental Philosophy: A Philosophical Chronicle, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. (A recent consideration of the idea of “continental philosophy” as a distinct tradition and style of doing philosophy, arguing that although there is no unitary “continental tradition,” the idea of continental philosophy remains worth accounting for and defending.)
	Glock, H-J. (2008) What is Analytic Philosophy? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Clear, accessible and comprehensive overview of the history and constitution of analytic philosophy.)
	Heidegger, M. (1927) “Sein und Zeit,” Jahrbuch für Philosophie und phänomenologische Forschung 8: 1–438; Sein und Zeit, Halle an der Salle: Max Niemeyer; trans. J. Macquarrie and E. Robinson, Being and Time, New York: Harper and Row, 1962; trans. J. Stambaugh, Being and Time, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1996. (Heidegger’s seminal investigation of the question of being, along the guideline of the structure of Dasein and its relationship to time.)
	Husserl, E. (1900–1901) Logische Untersuchungen, in Husserliana, vols 18–19, 1950; trans. J. N. Findlay, Logical Investigations, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul., 1970. (Husserl’s first and foundational work in phenomenology.)
	James, W. (1907) Pragmatism, Indianapolis and Cambridge: Hackett. (James’ introductory lectures on the new philosophy of pragmatism.)
	Kearney, R. (ed.) (1994) Twentieth-Century Continental Philosophy, London: Routledge. (A series of accessible essays addressing twentieth-century movements including existentialism, Marxism, hermeneutics, and deconstruction.)
	Livingston, P. (2008) Philosophy and the Vision of Language, New York: Routledge. (Considers the linguistic turn and the implications of the question of the relationship of language to life for a variety of twentieth-century philosophical projects.)
	McCumber, J. (2001) Time in the Ditch, Evanston, Il: Northwestern University Press. (Argues that the mainstreaming of analytic philosophy in the United States after World War II can be understood in terms of factors including politically motivated resistance to “continental” projects.)
	Quine, W. V. (1951) “Two Dogmas of Empiricism,” Philosophical Review 60: 20–43. (Quine’s classic argument against the analytic-synthetic distinction.)
	Quine, W. V. (1960) Word and Object, New York: Wiley and Sons. (Quine’s development of the consideration of radical translation and the consequence of the indeterminacy of translation.)
	Rockmore, T. (2006) In Kant’s Wake: Philosophy in the Twentieth Century, Malden, MA: Blackwell. (Interprets several key movements of twentieth-century philosophy in terms of the legacy and unresolved problems of Kant’s critical philosophy.)
	Rorty, R. (ed.) (1967) The Linguistic Turn, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (A collection of articles in then-contemporary analytic philosophy, whose title made the phrase famous).
	Russell, B. (1918) “The Philosophy of Logical Atomism,” in R. C. Marsh (ed.) Logic and Knowledge: Essays 1901–1950, London: George Allen and Unwin. (Russell’s classic exposition of the philosophy of logical atomism he had developed in dialog with Wittgenstein.)
	Sellars, W. S. (1956) “Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind,” in H. Feigl and M. Scriven (eds) Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.: 253–329. (Sellars’ influential mid-century critique of the “Myth of the Given.”)
	Soames, S. (2003) Philosophical Analysis in the Twentieth Century, 2 vols, Princeton: Princeton University Press. (A lengthy study of the history of analytic philosophy in the twentieth century, emphasizing the development of analytic positions toward contemporary discussions of truth and modality.)
	Urmson, J. O. (1956) Philosophical Analysis: Its Development between the Two World Wars, Oxford: Clarendon Press. (An accessible account of the philosophy of logical atomism, logical positivism, and the beginnings of ordinary language philosophy, providing an instructive view into analytic philosophy in Britain up to the mid-1950s.)
	Wittgenstein, L. J. J. (1922) Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, trans. C. K. Ogden and F. P. Ramsey, London: Routledge.; trans. D. F. Pears and B. F. McGuinness, London: Routledge., 1961. (Wittgenstein’s terse early masterpiece outlining a conception of world and language as permeated by logical form.)
	Wittgenstein, L. J. J. (1953) Philosophical Investigations, ed. G. E. M. Anscombe and R. Rhees, trans. G. E. M. Anscombe, Oxford: Blackwell. (The most finished work of Wittgenstein’s later philosophy considering the relationship between meaning and use, the nature of rule-following, and the possibility of a private language.)