Belief

References and further reading

	Armstrong, D.M. (1973) Belief, Truth and Knowledge, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Detailed development of the map theory that takes off from F. P. Ramsey’s idea.)
	Fodor, J. (1987) Psychosemantics, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (The appendix contains a very readable defence of LOTH by one of its major proponents.)
	Hume, D. (1739–40) A Treatise of Human Nature, ed. L.A. Selby-Bigge, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1888. (The Treatise is a classic widely available in many editions and is the standard source for the ‘pale imitation of experience’ view of belief, pretty much passed over in this entry.)
	Lewis, D. (1994) ‘Reduction of Mind’, in S. Guttenplan (ed.) A Companion to Philosophy of Mind, Oxford: Blackwell. (Compares the map view to the language of thought view in detail.)
	Quine, W.V. (1960) Word and Object, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (Detailed, sympathetic discussion of whether belief should be thought of as ‘believing-true’ some linguistic item. Relates the discussion to the distinction between belief de dicto and belief de re not touched on in this entry.)
	Ramsey, F.P. (1931) The Foundations of Mathematics, London: Kegan Paul. (Classic source of the view of belief as a map by which we steer, and of treatments of degree of belief in terms of betting behaviour.)
	Ryle, G. (1949) The Concept of Mind, London: Hutchinson. (Classic exposition of behaviourism about belief.)
	Stalnaker, R.C. (1984) Inquiry, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (One of the most detailed discussions of whether belief is closed under entailment, along with two matters not touched on in this entry: treatments of what a subject believes in terms of where in the set of possibilities believers take themselves to be located, and the relation between belief and acceptance.)