Family, ethics and the

References and further reading

	Blustein, J. (1982) Parents and Children: The Ethics of the Family, New York: Oxford University Press. (An analysis that draws on Locke and Rawls for an analysis of parental obligations to meet a child’s needs for ‘primary goods’ and to foster a child’s autonomy.)
	Bubeck, D. (1995) Care, Gender, and Justice, Oxford: Clarendon Press. (An economic and political analysis of women’s traditional work of care in the family and elsewhere.)
	Locke, J. (1689) Two Treatises of Civil Government, ed. P. Laslett, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963, esp. Second Treatise, ch. 6. (A political analysis of the limited scope and duration of parental authority and children’s duty of obedience.)
	Okin, S.M. (1989) Justice, Gender, and the Family. New York: Basic Books. (A liberal theory of justice meant to address women’s inequalities within the traditional family more adequately than other theories of justice.)
	O’Neill, O. (1988) ‘Children’s Rights and Children’s Lives’, Ethics 98: 445–463; repr. in Constructions of Reason: Explorations of Kant’s Practical Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. (A shift from political focus on children’s rights to parental obligations of care, kindness, and other contributions to ‘the genial play of life’.)
	Ross, J.J. (1994) The Virtues of the Family, New York: Free Press. (A biologically-based defence of the traditional nuclear family.)
	Sartre, J-P. (1964) Les Mots, trans. B. Frechtman, The Words, New York: Random House, 1981. (Autobiographical reflections on early relationships to his parents and grandparents, informed by his existentialist theories of authenticity and bad faith. An example of a narrative approach.)
	Schoeman, F. (1980) ‘Rights of Children, Rights of Parents, and the Moral Basis of the Family’, Ethics 91: 6–19. (A psychological approach to family commitments in terms of intimacy.) Anthologies of original and reprinted philosophical essays, as well as useful bibliographies:
	Aiken, W. and LaFollette, H. (1980) Whose Child? Children’s Rights, Parental Authority, and State Power, Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Littlefield. (A collection of journalists’ and philosophers’ essays on child abuse and children’s moral and legal rights.)
	Archard, D. (1993) Children: Rights and Childhood, London: Routledge. (A concise critique of the ‘liberal standard’ for parental privacy, child abuse and state intervention, with a ‘modest collectivist proposal’ for children’s sexual and voting rights. A compendious bibliographic essay.)
	Ekman, R. (1996) Children’s Rights Re-Visioned: Philosophical Readings, Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. (A collection of philosophical essays examining the distinct interests and justified claims children have in regard to parental and state control and resources.)
	Houlgate, L. (1998) Family Values: Issues in Ethics, Society and the Family, Boulder, CO: Westview. (A collection of classic and current philosophic commentaries on ethical problems in marriage and family relations.)
	Ladd, R.E. (1996) Children’s Rights Re-Visioned: Philosophical Readings, Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. (A collection of philosophical essays examining the distinct interests and justified claims children have in regard to parental and state control and resources.)
	Meyers, D.T., Kipnis, K. and Murphy, C., Jr, (eds) (1993) Kindred Matters: Rethinking the Philosophy of the Family, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. (Papers by philosophers and lawyers drawn mostly from the 1988 AMINTAPHIL conference on the family in moral and legal theory.)
	Nelson, H. (1996) Feminism and Families, New York: Routledge. (A collection of critiques of, and various alternatives to, the ‘traditional family’.)
	O’Neill, O. and Ruddick, W. (1979) Having Children: Philosophical and Legal Reflections on Parenthood, New York: Oxford University Press. (A collection of philosophic essays and US legal decisions on the bearing and rearing of children.)
	Scarre, G. (1989) Children, Parents, and Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (A collection of philosophical and other essays on various conceptions of childhood and their bearing on parental and state rights and responsibilities in liberal democracies.)