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Adorno, T.W. (1963) Drei Studien zu Hegel, Frankfurt: Suhrkamp; trans.
S.W.
Nicholsen and J.J.
Shapiro, Hegel: Three Studies, Cambridge, MA, and London: MIT Press, 1993. (Adorno’s most explicit critique and appropriation of Hegel.) |
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Adorno, T.W. (1966) Negative Dialektik, Frankfurt: Suhrkamp; trans.
E.B.
Ashton, Negative Dialectics, London: Routledge, 1973. (Adorno’s major engagement with Kant, Hegel and Heidegger, informed throughout by his transformation of ‘speculative’ Hegelian concepts into a critical and ‘negative’ dialectic.) |
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Adorno, T.W. (1970) Ästhetische Theory, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp; trans.
C.
Lenhardt, Aesthetic Theory, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1984. |
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Apel, K.-O. (1973) Transformation der Philosophie, Frankfurt: Suhrkamp; trans.
G.
Adey and D.
Frisby, Towards a Transformation of Philosophy, London: Routledge, 1980. (Extensive essay collection presenting Apel’s attempt to mediate the extremes in contemporary philosophy by recourse to the hermeneutic and pragmatic traditions.) |
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Bauer, B. (1841) Die Posaune des jüngsten Gerichts über Hegel den Atheisten und Antichristen, Leipzig: Otto Wiegand; repr. Aalen: Scientia, 1969; trans.
L.S.
Stepelevich, The Trumpet of the Last Judgement Against Hegel the Atheist and Antichrist. An Ultimatum, Lewiston, NY: Mellen, 1989. (Argues for the incompatibility of Hegelian philosophy with traditional Christian belief.) |
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Baur, F.C. (1835) Die christliche Gnosis oder die christliche Religionsphilosophie in ihrer geschichtlichen Entwicklung (Christian Gnosis, or the Christian Philosophy of Religion in its Historical Development), Tübingen: Osiander. (Traces the evolution of the Gnostic theological tradition up to and including Hegel and German Idealism.) |
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Biedermann, A.E. (1849) Unsere junghegelianishe Weltanschauung oder der sogennante neueste Pantheismus (Our Young Hegelian Worldview, or the so-called latest Pantheism), Zurich: F. Schultheiss. (A critical response to a theological polemic directed against the ‘Tübingen School’ and Hegel’s influence.) |
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Biedermann, A.E. (1868) Christliche Dogmatik (Christian Dogmatics), Berlin: Georg Reimer; 2nd edn, 1884–5. (A late example of a broadly Hegelian and reconstructive exposition of traditional doctrines which questions the ‘personality’ of God.) |
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Cieszkowski, A. von (1838) Prolegomena zur Historiosophie (Prolegomena to The Wisdom of History), Berlin: Viet. (Cieszkowski’s major study, revising Hegel’s philosophy of history.) |
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Daub, K. (1833) Die dogmatische Theologie (The Dogmatic Theology of Our Times), Heidelberg: J.B. Mohr. (A standard and cautious early Hegelian interpretation of traditional theological topics.) |
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Dilthey, W. (1905) Die Jugendgeschichte Hegels (The Young Hegel), Abhandlungen der Königlich Preussiche Akademie der Wissenchaften; repr. Wilhelm Diltheys gesammelte Schriften, vol. 4, Leipzig and Berlin: D.G. Teubner, 1921. (Led to an important reassessment of Hegel’s early writings.) |
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Engels, F. (1886) Ludwig Feuerbach und der Ausgang der klassischen deutschen Philosophie, in Die neue Zeit; trans.
Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of Classical German Philosophy, in K.
Marx and F.
Engels, Selected Works in One Volume, London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1968, 596–632. (Traces the development from Hegel to dialectical materialism.) |
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Erdmann, J.E. (1834–53) Versuch einer wissenschaftlichen Darstellung der Geschichte der neueren Philosophie (Attempt at a Scientific Presentation of the History of Modern Philosophy), Leipzig: Riga & Dorpat, 6 vols. (One of the most comprehensive and magisterial Hegelian accounts of philosophy from Descartes to Hegel. Very incisively written.) |
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Erdmann, J.E. (1841) Grundriß der Logik und Metaphysik (Outline of Logic and Metaphysics), Halle: J.H. Lippert; 5th edn, 1875. (Succinct and careful restatement of the essential categories of Hegel’s Logic.) |
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Erdmann, J.E. (1865–7) Grundriß der Geschichte der Philosophie, Berlin: Wilhelm Hertz, 2 vols; 4th edn, 1895–6; trans.
W.S.
Hough, A History of Philosophy, London: Swan Sonnenschein, 3 vols, 1890. (Influential classic history of philosophy, thoroughly and carefully written from a Right Hegelian perspective.) |
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Feuerbach, L. (1839) ‘Zur Kritik der Hegelschen Philosophie’, in Sämtliche Werke, Leipzig: Otto Wigand, 1846–, vol. 2, 185–232; trans.
Z.
Hanfi, ‘Towards a Critique of Hegelian Philosophy’, in Z.
Hanfi (ed.) The Fiery Brook: Selected Writings of Ludwig Feuerbach, New York: Anchor Books, 1972; also in L.S.
Stepelevich (1983) and R.
Stern (1993), I: 100–130. (This work established Feuerbach’s position as a spokesman for the Hegelian Left.) |
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Feuerbach, L. (1841) Das Wesen des Christentums, in Sämtliche Werke, Leipzig: Otto Wigand, 1846–, vol. 7; trans.
M.A.
Evans (George Eliot), The Essence of Christianity, 1854; new edn, New York: Harper & Row, 1957. (Feuerbach’s most famous work, in which he puts forward most clearly the Left Hegelian critique of religion and metaphysics.) |
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Feuerbach, L. (1842) Vorläufige Thesen zur Reformation der Philosophie (Provisional Theses Towards the Reform of Philosophy), in Sämtliche Werke, Leipzig: Otto Wigand, 1846–, vol. 2, 244–288. (Develops Feuerbach’s humanistic materialism.) |
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Feuerbach, L. (1843) Grundsätze der Philosophie der Zukunft, in Sämtliche Werke, Leipzig: Otto Wigand, 1846–, vol. 2, 269–346; trans.
M.H.
Vogel, Principles of the Philosophy of the Future, Indianapolis, IN, and New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1966. (Develops Feuerbach’s materialist and humanistic critique of Hegel.) |
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Fischer, K. (1852) System der Logik und Metaphysik oder Wissenschaftslehre (System of Logic and Metaphysics or Doctrine of Science), Stuttgart: C.P. Scheitlin; 3rd edn, 1909. (Lucid and brief exposition of Hegel’s logical doctrines.) |
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Fischer, K. (1852–77; 1897–1904) Geschichte der neueren Philosophie (History of Modern Philosophy), 10 vols in 11, Heidelberg: Carl Winters Universitätsbuchhandlung. (A classic, massively detailed history of philosophy from Descartes to Schopenhauer, with the concluding two-volume monograph on Hegel.) |
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Gabler, G.A. (1827) Kritik des Bewußtseins (Critique of Consciousness), Leiden: A.H. Adriani; 2nd edn, 1901. (One of the very few early examinations of Hegel’s Phenomenology, written by Hegel’s follower and successor in Berlin.) |
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Gadamer, H.-G. (1960) Wahrheit und Methode, Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr; trans.
W.
Glen-Doepel, Truth and Method, London: Sheed & Ward, 1979. (Gadamer’s hermeneutic reappropriation of Hegel’s concept of experience from a Heideggerian perspective.) |
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Gadamer, H.-G. (1971) Hegels Dialektik: Fünf hermeneutische Studien, Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr; trans.
P.
Christopher Smith, Hegel’s Dialectic: Five Hermeneutical Studies, New Haven, CT, and London: Yale University Press, 1976. (Perceptive examination of key themes in Hegel in relation to the classical tradition and Heidegger.) |
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Gans, E. (1824–35) Das Erbrecht in weltgeschichtlicher Entwicklung (The Law of Inheritance Considered in its World-Historical Development), vols 1 and 2, Berlin: Maurische Buchhandlung; vols 3 and 4, Stuttgart and Tübingen: Cotta. (The major Hegelian contribution to the history of law, written in conscious opposition to the ‘Historical School’.) |
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Glockner, H. (1929–40) Hegel, Stuttgart: Frommann, 2 vols. (Typical expression of vitalist neo-Hegelianism, emphasizing the cultural concreteness and historical richness of Hegelian thought.) |
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Glockner, H. (1931) ‘Hegelrenaissance und Neuhegelianismus’ (The Hegel Renaissance and Neo-Hegelianism), Logos
20; repr. with other contributions in Hegel-Studien, Beiheft 2, Bonn: Bouvier. (A historical account of the early twentieth-century Hegel revival in Germany by one of the leading participants.) |
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Habermas, J. (1968) Erkenntnis und Interesse, Frankfurt: Suhrkamp; trans.
J.J.
Shapiro, Knowledge and Human Interest, Oxford: Polity Press, 1987. (Part 1 contrasts Hegel’s critique of knowledge with that of Kant and Marx.) |
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Habermas, J. (1971) Theorie und Praxis, Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 4th edn; trans.
J.
Viertel, Theory and Practice, Oxford: Polity Press, 1973. (Contains several influential essays on Hegel.) |
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Habermas, J. (1985) Der philosophische Diskurs der Moderne, Frankfurt: Surhkamp; trans.
F.
Lawrence, The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1987. (Traces the critique of modernity as it developed after Hegel.) |
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Haering, T. (1929–38) Hegel. Sein Wollen und sein Werk (Hegel: His Life and his Works), Leipzig and Berlin, 2 vols; repr. Aalen: Scientia, 1979. (Enormous genetic study of Hegel’s thought from 1790–1807, stressing Hegel’s practical and political concerns. Typical of the organic ‘communitarian’ interpretation of conservative neo-Hegelianism.) |
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Hartmann, N. (1923, 1929) Die Philosophie des deutschen Idealismus (The Philosophy of German Idealism), Berlin and Leipzig, 2 vols; 3rd edn, repr. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1974. (An important ontological and ‘realist’ reading of Hegel, emphasizing his systematic ambitions and debt to the classical tradition.) |
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Haym, R. (1857) Hegel und seine Zeit (Hegel and his Times), Berlin: Rudolph Gaertner. (Contains an influential attack on Hegel as an apologist for the Prussian Restoration.) |
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Henning, L. von (1824) Prinzipien der Ethik in historischer Entwicklung (Principles of Ethics in Historical Development), Berlin: Friedrich August Herbig. (A lucid brief outline of the history of ethics, dedicated to Hegel.) |
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Hess, M. (1837) Die heilige Geschichte der Menschheit (The Sacred History of Humanity), Stuttgart: Hallberg’sche Verlagshandlung. (Important document of the transformation of Hegel’s philosophy of history as a secularized eschatology.) |
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Jüngel, E. (1977) Gott als Geheimnis der Welt, Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr, trans.
D.L.
Guder, God as the Mystery of the World, Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1983. (A magisterial contribution to philosophical theology, influenced by Barth and Heidegger, which engages seriously and productively with Hegel and the Left Hegelian tradition.) |
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Korsch, K. (1930) Marxismus und Philosophie, Leipzig: C.L.Hirschfeld, trans.
F.
Halliday, Marxism and Philosophy, London: New Left Books, 1970. (This work reopened the question of Marx’s debt to Hegelian idealism.) |
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Kroner, R. (1921–4) Von Kant bis Hegel (From Kant to Hegel), Tübingen: Mohr Verlag, 2 vols; 3rd edn, repr. 1977. (The most substantial single product of neo-Hegelianism, interpreting Hegel as the fitting culmination of the entire tradition of classical and idealist thought from a Christian perspective.) |
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Lasson, G. (1916) Was heißt Hegelianismus? (What is Hegelianism?), Berlin: Reuther & Reichard. (An uncritical and enthusiastic neo-Hegelian manifesto from a rather nationalistic perspective.) |
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Litt, T. (1948) Denken und Sein (Thought and Being), Zurich: S. Hirzel. (Attempts to apply reformed Hegelian categories to central metaphysical and epistemological questions.) |
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Litt, T. (1948) Mensch und Welt (Man and World), Heidelberg: Quelle & Meyer, 1961. (A quasi-Hegelian reinterpretation of philosophical anthropology, strongly influenced by Dilthey.) |
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Litt, T. (1953) Hegel, Heidelberg: Quelle and Meyer. (An appreciative assessment and reconstruction of Hegel, but critical of allegedly panlogistic and totalizing elements.) |
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Lüwith, K. (1962) Die Hegelsche Linke (The Hegelian Left), Stuttgart: Frommann-Holzboog. (Selected texts by members of the Left Hegelian school.) |
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Lübbe, H. (1962) Die Hegelsche Rechte (The Hegelian Right), Stuttgart: Frommann-Holzboog. (Selected texts by members of the Right Hegelian school.) |
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Lukács, G. (1923) Geschichte und Klassenbewußtsein, Berlin: Der Malik-Verlag; repr. in Werke, Berlin: Luchterhand, vol. 2, 1968; trans.
R.
Livingstone, History and Class Consciousness, London: Merlin, 1971. (Enormously influential statement of the Hegelian dimension of Marxian thought which broke with the prevailing mechanistic and deterministic approach.) |
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Lukács, G. (1948) Der junge Hegel, Zurich: Europa, 2 vols; trans.
R.
Livingstone, The Young Hegel, London: Merlin, 1975. (Classical Marxist account of Hegel’s development, implicitly written to correct vulgar Marxist readings of the idealist background.) |
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Lukács, G. (1963) Ästhetik (Aesthetics), Berlin: Luchterhand; repr. in Werke, Berlin: Luchterhand, 1968, vols 11–12.
(The most sustained example of a Marxian appropriation of classical German Idealist aesthetics and the concept of ‘mimesis’.) |
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Lukács, G. (1971–2) Zur Ontologie des gesellschaftlichen Seins, Neuwied and Berlin: Luchterhand; trans.
D.
Fernbach, The Ontology of Social Being, London: Merlin, 1978–80, 3 vols. (Part of a projected larger work that was to present a systematic materialist version of the Hegelian legacy.) |
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Marcuse, H. (1932) Hegels Ontologie, Frankfurt: Klostermann; 3rd edn, repr. 1975; trans.
S.
Benhabib, Hegel’s Ontology, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1987. (An interesting dynamic and ontological interpretation of Hegel’s Logic in the light of the Phenomenology and the earlier writings.) |
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Marcuse, H. (1941) Reason and Revolution, London: Oxford University Press. (Emphasizes the fundamental continuity between Hegel and Marx and offers a qualified defence of Hegel’s political philosophy against its liberal critics.) |
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Marheinecke, P.K. (1819) Die Grundlehren der christlichen Dogmatik als Wissenschaft (The Fundamental Doctrines of Christian Dogmatics as Science), Berlin: F. Dummler; 2nd edn, Duncker & Humblot, 1827. (One of the first thoroughgoing applications of Hegel’s thought to Christian theology as a whole.) |
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Marx, K. (1843) ‘Zur Kritik der Hegelschen Rechtsphilosophie’, Deutsch-Französische Jahrbücher, issues 1 and 2; trans.
R.
Livingstone and G.
Benton, Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right, in L.
Colletti (ed.) Early Writings, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1975, 57–198. (Offers a fundamental critique of Hegel from a Left Hegelian perspective.) |
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Marx, K. (1975) Early Writings, trans.
R.
Livingstone and G.
Benton, Harmondsworth: Penguin. (A useful paperback edition, which contains Marx’s posthumously published ‘Critique of Hegel’s Doctrine of the State’ and ‘Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts’ and his (1844), as ‘A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right’.) |
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Michelet, K.L. (1837–8) Geschichte der letzten Systeme der Philosophie in Deutschland von Kant bis Hegel (History of the Most Recent Systems of Philosophy in Germany from Kant to Hegel), Berlin: Dunker and Humblot, 2 vols. (A lucid history of German idealism by a representative of the liberal Hegelian ‘centre’.) |
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Moltmann, J. (1965) Theologie der Hoffnung, Munich: Kaiser; trans.
J.W.
Leitch, Theology of Hope, London: SCM Press, 1967. (Indicative of reaction against existentialist dialectics and a renewed theological interest in the social dimension of the German Idealist tradition.) |
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Moltmann, J. (1972) Der gekreuzigte Gott, Munich: Chr Kaiser; trans.
R.A.
Wilson and J.
Bowden, The Crucified God, London: SCM Press, 1974. (Approach to a liberation theology of the cross influenced by Marxist-Christian dialogue.) |
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Pannenberg, W. (1967) Grundfragen systematischer Theologie (Fundamental Questions of Systematic Theology), Göttingen: Vandenhoek & Ruprecht. (Draws on Hegel and idealist thought to articulate a rational philosophical theology and defend the concept of progressive historical revelation.) |
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Rosenkranz, J.K.F. (1837) Psychologie, oder die Wissenschaft vom subjektiven Geistes (Psychology, or the Science of Subjective Spirit), Königsberg: Bornträger. (A succinct outline of the Hegelian philosophy of mind.) |
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Rosenkranz, J.K.F. (1840a) Kritische Erläuterungen des Hegelschen Systems (Critical Exposition of the Hegelian System), Königsberg: Bornträger. (Interesting collection of sympathetic essays on various aspects of Hegel, reflecting many of the debates within the school in the 1830–40 period.) |
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Rosenkranz, J.K.F. (1840b) Geschichte der Kantischen Philosophie (History of Kantian Philosophy), Leipzig: Leopold Voss; repr. in J.K.F.
Rosenkranz and F.W.
Schubert (eds) Immanuel Kants sämmtliche Werke, vol. 12. (A supplement to Rosenkranz’s edition of Kant’s works indicating the ‘completion’ of Critical Philosophy in Hegelian idealism.) |
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Rosenkranz, J.K.F. (1844) Hegels Leben (Hegel’s Life), Berlin; repr. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1988. (Rosenkranz’s official biography of Hegel.) |
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Rosenkranz, J.K.F. (1858–9) Wissenschaft der logischen Idee (Science of the Logical Idea), Köningsberg: Borntrager, 2 vols; repr. Osnabruck: Zeller, 1972. (A major critical reworking of Hegel’s Logic.) |
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Rosenkranz, J.K.F. (1870) Hegel als deutscher Nationalphilosoph (Hegel as German National Philosopher), Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot; extracts translated in Stern (ed.) 1993, vol. 1, 256–297. (A contemporary study of Hegel’s thought and influence.) |
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Ruge, A. (1842) ‘Hegels Rechtsphilosophie und die Politik unserer Zeit’, Deutscher Jahrbücher
189, 190; trans.
J.A.
Massey, ‘Hegel’s Philosophy of Right and the Politics of Our Times’, in L.S.
Stepelevich (ed.), The Young Hegelians, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 211–236. (Offers a critique of Hegel from a Young Hegelian standpoint.) |
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Schelling, F.W.J. (1833–4) Zur Geschichte der neueren Philosophie, in Sämtliche Werke, ed
K.F.A.
Schelling, 14 vols, Stuttgart: Cotta, 1856–91, vol. 10: 1–200; trans.
A.
Bowie, On the History of Modern Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. (Contains the text of Schelling’s important critical lectures on Hegel given in Munich and later in Berlin, from the perspective of Schelling’s own ‘positive philosophy’.) |
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Stepelevich, L.S. (1983) The Young Hegelians, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (An anthology of writings by Strauss, Cieszkowski, Feuerbach, Bruno Bauer, Ruge, Edgar Bauer, Engels, Marx, Stirner, Hess and Schmidt.) |
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Stirner, M. (1845) Der Einzige und sein Eigentum, Leipzig: Otto Wigand; 2nd edn, 1882; trans.
D.
Leopold, The Ego and Its Own, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. (Takes Hegel’s concept of the modern subject to an individualist extreme.) |
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Strauss, D.F. (1835–6) Das Leben Jesu, kritisch bearbeitet, Tübingen: Osiander; trans.
M.A.
Evans (George Eliot), The Life of Jesus, London: Chapman Brothers, 1846; repr. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1972. (A seminal work of nineteenth-theology which undermined traditional conceptions of scripture and profoundly influenced theological ‘modernism’.) |
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Strauss, D.F. (1837–8) Streitschriften zur Verteidigung meiner Schrift (Polemical Writings in Defence of My Work), Tübingen: Osiander. (Spirited defence of the Life of Jesus which gives a good sense of the theological polemics of the period.) |
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Theunissen, M. (1970) Hegels Lehre vom absoluten Geist als theologisch-politischer Traktat (Hegel’s Doctrine of Absolute Spirit as Theological-Political Treatise), Berlin: de Gruyter. (Major sympathetic exposition of Hegel’s religious philosophy which attempts to undercut standard Left and Right interpretations.) |
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Theunissen, M. (1980) Sein und Schein (Being and Appearance), Frankfurt: Suhrkamp. (Pursues an ‘intersubjective’ approach to the claims of Hegel’s Logic as a potential theory of communicative freedom.) |
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Trendelenburg, F.A. (1840) Logische Untersuchungen (Logical Investigations), Leipzig: S. Hirzel; 2nd edn, 1862. (An influential critique of Hegel’s Logic.) |
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Trendelenburg, F.A. (1843) Die logische Frage in Hegels System (The Logical Question in Hegel’s System), Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus. (Further develops his critique of Hegel’s Logic.) |
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Vatke, W. (1835) Die Religion des alten Testaments (The Religion of the Old Testament), Berlin: G. Bethge. (Important early treatment of the then-neglected area of Judaism from a Hegelian perspective.) |
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Vatke, W. (1841) Die menschliche Freiheit in ihrem Verhältniss zur Sünde und zur göttlichen Gnade (Human Freedom in its Relation to Sin and Divine Forgiveness), Berlin: Bethge. (Applies Hegel’s philosophy of spirit to elucidate classical theological questions concerning guilt and forgiveness.) |
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Vischer, F.T. (1837) Über das Erhabene und Komische (On the Sublime and the Comic), ed.
W.
Oelmüller, Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1967. (Reprinted with other essays, this essay gives a thoroughly humanistic Left-Hegelian approach to an area rather neglected by Hegel.) |
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Vischer, F.T. (1846–54) Ästhetik oder Wissenschaft des Schönen (Aesthetics or the Science of Beauty), Reutlingen & Leipzig: Carl Mäckens, 6 vols. (The largest Hegelian contribution to aesthetics which supplements Hegel by examining the question of natural beauty and the psychology of imagination.) |
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Windelband, W. (1910) ‘Die Erneuerung der Hegelianismus’ (The renewal of Hegelianism), Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften
1 (10);repr. in W.
Windelband, Präludien, Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr, 6th edn, 1919, 273–289. (An important expression of the German resurgence of interest in Hegel at the beginning of the twentieth century.) |
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Zeller, E. (1844–52) Die Philosophie der Griechen (Philosophy of the Greeks), 3 vols in 2, Tübingen: Friedrich Fues. (Very influential standard history of ancient philosophy from a Hegelian perspective which was widely studied and translated.) |