Search Results 1 - 23 of 23. Results contain 46 matches


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Thematic

Oxford Calculators

‘Oxford Calculators’ is a modern label for a group of thinkers at Oxford in the mid-fourteenth century, whose approach to problems was noticed in the immediately succeeding centuries ...

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Overview

Physics, philosophy of

The philosophy of physics forms a central discipline of the philosophy of science, which itself can claim to be central to metaphysics and epistemology (see Science, philosophy of). ...

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Biographical

Wyclif, John (c.1330–84)

John Wyclif was a logician, theologian and religious reformer. A Yorkshireman educated at Oxford, he was first prominent as a logician; he developed some technical notions of the ...

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Biographical

Nifo, Agostino (c.1470–1538)

Agostino Nifo was a university teacher, medical doctor and extremely prolific writer. His books included many commentaries on Aristotle’s logic, natural philosophy and metaphysics, as well as original ...

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Aristotelianism, Renaissance

By the Renaissance here is meant the period of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries during which there was a deliberate attempt, especially in Italy, to pattern cultural activities ...

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Biographical

Blasius of Parma (d. 1416)

Blasius of Parma was an important Italian philosopher, mathematician and astrologer who popularized the achievements of Oxford logic and Parisian physics in Italy. He questioned the Aristotelian foundations ...

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Biographical

Bacon, Roger (c.1214–92/4)

Associated with both the University of Paris and Oxford University, Roger Bacon was one of the first in the Latin West to lecture and comment on Aristotle’s writings ...

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Biographical

Kilvington, Richard (d. 1361)

Richard Kilvington, an English philosopher and theologian, was born near the beginning of the fourteenth cantury and died in 1361. His academic career in Oxford (1320–38) was followed ...

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Biographical

Vernia, Nicoletto (d. 1499)

Nicoletto Vernia was a celebrated Aristotelian philosopher during the second half of the fifteenth century. His acquaintances included such personalities as Ermolao Barbaro, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Pietro ...

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Biographical

Paul of Venice (1369/72–1429)

Like other teachers in fifteenth-century Italian universities, Paul of Venice focused on logic and natural philosophy in an undergraduate programme directed toward the education of medical students. Despite ...

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Biographical

Oresme, Nicole (c.1325–82)

Nicole Oresme, a French thinker active in the third quarter of the fourteenth century, occupies an important position in late medieval natural philosophy. He was especially notable for ...

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Biographical

John of Mirecourt (fl. c.1345)

The traditional view that John of Mirecourt was condemned because he was a radical sceptic has been brought into question by more extensive research on his writings. For ...

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Biographical

Albert of Saxony (c.1316–90)

Albert of Saxony, active in the middle and late fourteenth century, taught at the University of Paris and was later instrumental in founding the University of Vienna. He ...

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Thematic

Augustinianism

The influence of Augustine on Western philosophy is exceeded in duration, extent and variety only by that of Plato and Aristotle. Augustine was an authority not just for ...

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Thematic

Natural philosophy, medieval

Medieval Latin natural philosophy falls into two main periods, before the rise of the universities (mainly in the twelfth century, when works were produced in connection with aristocratic ...

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Biographical

Bradwardine, Thomas (c.1300–49)

Thomas Bradwardine was a leading figure in fourteenth-century philosophy and theology from 1328, when he completed De proportionibus velocitatum in motibus (On the Ratios of Velocities in Motions), ...

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Biographical

Grosseteste, Robert (c.1170–1253)

Grosseteste’s thought is representative of the conflicting currents in the intellectual climate of Europe in the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries. On the one hand, his commitment ...

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Thematic

Logic, medieval

Medieval logic is crucial to the understanding of medieval philosophy, for every educated person was trained in logic, as well as in grammar, and these disciplines provided techniques ...

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Biographical

Galilei, Galileo (1564–1642)

Galileo Galilei, one of the most colourful figures in the long history of the natural sciences, is remembered best today for two quite different sorts of reason. He ...

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Biographical

Heytesbury, William (before 1313–1372/3)

William Heytesbury, an English logician of the mid-fourteenth century, is, with Richard Kilvington, Richard Swineshead, Thomas Bradwardine and John Dumbleton, one of several philosophers known as the Oxford ...

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Biographical

Burley, Walter (c.1275–c.1345)

Active in the first half of the fourteenth century, Burley received his arts degree from Oxford before 1301 and his doctorate in theology from Paris before 1324. At ...

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Thematic

Aristotelianism, medieval

Although there are many possible definitions, ‘medieval Aristotelianism’ is here taken to mean explicit receptions of Aristotle’s texts or teachings by Latin-speaking writers from about ad 500 ...

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Overview

Medieval philosophy

Medieval philosophy is the philosophy of Western Europe from about ad 400–1400, roughly the period between the fall of Rome and the Renaissance. Medieval philosophers are the ...

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