Biographical
Foot, Philippa (1920–2010)
Philippa Foot was a British moral philosopher based primarily at Oxford University, where she was a Fellow of Somerville College from 1950; and at University of California, Los ...
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Biographical
Foucault, Michel (1926–84)
Michel Foucault was a French philosopher and historian of thought. Although his earliest writings developed within the frameworks of Marxism and existential phenomenology, he soon moved beyond these ...
Biographical
Foucher, Simon (1644–96)
Simon Foucher, Canon of Dijon, was a sceptical thinker, active in intellectual circles in Paris. His main philosophical project was the revival of Academic scepticism, and he emerged ...
Biographical
Frank, Semën Liudvigovich (1877–1950)
The philosophy of S.L. Frank was one product of the renewed interest in epistemology, speculative metaphysics and religion among educated Russians in the quarter-century preceding the Revolution of ...
Biographical
Frege, Gottlob (1848–1925)
A German philosopher-mathematician, Gottlob Frege was primarily interested in understanding both the nature of mathematical truths and the means whereby they are ultimately to be justified. In general, ...
Biographical
Freud, Sigmund (1856–1939)
Freud developed the theory and practice of psychoanalysis, one of the most influential schools of psychology and psychotherapy of the twentieth century. He established a relationship with his ...
Biographical
Gadādhara (1604–1709)
Gadādhara Bhaṭṭācārya was a seventeenth-century Indian philosopher belonging to a school of thinkers, Navya-Nyāya, noted for its extreme realism and its contributions to philosophical methodology. Though Gadādhara’s commentaries ...
Biographical
Gadamer, Hans-Georg (1900–2002)
Hans-Georg Gadamer is best known for his philosophical hermeneutics. Gadamer studied with Martin Heidegger during his preparation of Being and Time (1927). Like Heidegger, Gadamer rejects the idea ...
Biographical
Galen (AD 129–c.210)
Galen was the most influential doctor of late Greco-Roman antiquity. But he was also a notable philosopher, who desired to effect a synthesis of what was best in ...
Biographical
Galilei, Galileo (1564–1642)
Galileo Galilei, one of the most colourful figures in the long history of the natural sciences, is remembered best today for two quite different sorts of reason. He ...
Biographical
Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand (1869–1948)
Gandhi was called Mahatma (the Great Soul) by Rabindranath Tagore and many in the West, while Gandhi’s followers often simply called him Bapuji (Father). His confrontation ...
Biographical
Gaṅgeśa (fl. c.1325)
Gaṅgeśa launched and solidified advances in logic and epistemology within the classical Indian school of Logic, Nyāya. He is traditionally taken to have inaugurated the ‘New’ school, Navya-Nyāya. ...
Biographical
Gassendi, Pierre (1592–1655)
Pierre Gassendi, a French Catholic priest, introduced the philosophy of the ancient atomist Epicurus into the mainstream of European thought. Like many of his contemporaries in the first ...
Biographical
Gehlen, Arnold (1904–76)
Gehlen, a Professor of Sociology, is now widely recognized as the founder of ‘philosophical anthropology’. He has had a significant impact on both social philosophy and sociology. Concerned ...
Biographical
Gentile, Giovanni (1875–1944)
Best known as the self-styled philosopher of Fascism, Gentile, along with Benedetto Croce, was responsible for the ascendance of Hegelian idealism in Italy during the first half of ...
Biographical
Gerard, Alexander (1728–95)
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Biographical
Gersonides (1288–1344)
Living all his life in southern France, Levi ben Gershom, known as Gersonides in Latin texts, was an accomplished astronomer and mathematician as well as a philosopher. A ...
Biographical
Geulincx, Arnold (1624–69)
Rediscovered in the middle of the nineteenth century, for a long time it was only because of his relation with other more conspicuous philosophers, such as Spinoza, Leibniz ...
Biographical
Gilbert of Poitiers (c.1085–1154)
Gilbert’s most important work is his commentary on the theological treatises of Boethius. His contemporaries valued him not only as a theologian but also as a philosopher, especially ...
Biographical
Giles of Rome (c.1243/7–1316)
Giles of Rome was one of the most eminent theologians and commentators on the works of Aristotle at the University of Paris in the second half of the ...
Biographical
Glanvill, Joseph (1636–80)
Joseph Glanvill was an opponent of the scholastic philosophy which he had been taught in England, supporting instead the new learning associated with Francis Bacon and the Royal ...
Biographical
Gobineau, Joseph Arthur, Comte de (1816–82)
Although best remembered as the author of Essai sur l’inégalité des races humaines, Gobineau’s main literary activity was as a novelist and writer on Asia. Even though his ...
Biographical
Godfrey of Fontaines (c.1250–c.1306/9)
Godfrey of Fontaines studied philosophy and theology at the University of Paris and subsequently taught theology there. A theologian by profession, he developed a highly interesting philosophy, especially ...
Biographical
Godwin, William (1756–1836)
William Godwin is considered the founder of philosophical anarchism. His An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice (1793) contends that although government is a corrupt force in society, perpetuating dependence ...
Biographical
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von (1749–1832)
Goethe was a statesman, scientist, amateur artist, theatrical impresario, dramatist, novelist and Germany’s supreme lyric poet; indeed he provided the Romantic generation which followed him with their conception ...