Biographical
Krochmal, Nachman (1785–1840)
Nachman Krochmal was leader of the Jewish Enlightenment or Haskalah in Galicia, eastern Europe. An astute observer of the German philosophical environment, Krochmal provided one of the first ...
Search Results 1,026 - 1,050 of 3,996. Results contain 16,179 matches
Biographical
Kuhn, Thomas Samuel (1922–96)
The early 1960s saw substantial turmoil in the philosophy of science, then dominated by logical empiricism. Most important was the confrontation of the prevailing philosophical tradition with the ...
Biographical
La Mettrie, Julien Offroy de (1709–51)
La Mettrie is best known as the author of the eighteenth-century materialist manifesto, L’Homme machine (1747). His interest in philosophical issues grew out of his preoccupation with medicine, ...
Biographical
Lacan, Jacques (1901–81)
Jacques Lacan, who in the mid-20th century urged psychoanalysts to ‘return to Freud’, infused psychoanalysis with ideas from structuralist linguistics and Hegelian philosophy. Feeling that psychoanalysts had both ...
Biographical
Lakatos, Imre (1922–74)
Imre Lakatos made important contributions to the philosophy of mathematics and of science. His ‘Proofs and Refutations’ (1963–4) develops a novel account of mathematical discovery. It shows that ...
Biographical
Lange, Friedrich Albert (1828–75)
A German philosopher, social scientist and political activist, Lange was best known for his study of the history of materialism. He was a leading proponent of Neo-Kantianism, a ...
Biographical
Lange, Friedrich Albert (1828–75)
The German philosopher Friedrich Albert Lange was a pivotal figure in the nineteenth century, due to the publication of the extremely influential History of Materialism (1866). In ...
Biographical
Laplace, Pierre-Simon (1749–1827)
In company with Lagrange and Legendre, Laplace was one of the three foremost mathematicians during the half-century of French pre-eminence in science, from the 1770s into the 1820s. ...
Biographical
Latour, Bruno (1947–2022)
Bruno Latour is a French philosopher whose work and influence have been mainly in the social sciences, and he is one of the world’s most cited authors in ...
Biographical
Lavrov, Pëtr Lavrovich (1823–1900)
Pëtr Lavrov was one of the main theorists of Russian populism (narodnichestvo) – a trend of thought and a movement which crystallized after the abolition of serfdom in ...
Biographical
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm (1646–1716)
Leibniz was one of the central figures of seventeenth-century philosophy, indeed, one of the central intellectual figures of his age. Born and educated in Germany, he travelled to ...
Biographical
Leibowitz, Yeshayahu (1903–94)
Unlike the major intellectual currents that shaped religious thought in the modern world, Leibowitz’s thought is deeply anchored in the Israeli context. Both as philosopher and activist, Leibowitz ...
Biographical
Lenin, Vladimir Il’ich (1870–1924)
Lenin, leader of the October 1917 Revolution in Russia, wrote mainly about politics and economics, but as a Marxist of his generation he assumed that ideas about society ...
Biographical
Leont’ev, Konstantin Nikolaevich (1831–91)
One of the more original and provocative nineteenth-century Russian thinkers, Leont’ev directed a powerful intellectual attack at the dominant historical movement of his time: the process of modernization ...
Biographical
Leśniewski, Stanisław (1886–1939)
Leśniewski was one of the most distinguished members of the Warsaw School of Logic. His scientific development can be divided into two periods. In the first ‘philosophical’ period ...
Biographical
Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim (1729–81)
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing occupies a central place in eighteenth-century European belles-lettres. He was a significant religious and theological thinker whose work puzzled his contemporaries and still provokes debate. ...
Biographical
Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim (1729–81)
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Biographical
Levinas, Emmanuel (1906–95)
In the 1930s Levinas helped to introduce the phenomenological philosophy of Husserl and Heidegger to the French. Subsequently his work attained classic status in its own right for ...
Biographical
Lévi-Strauss, Claude (1908–2009)
Lévi-Strauss is one of the outstanding figures of mid-twentieth century intellectual life, influential far beyond the boundaries of France or the French language, and he has continued to ...
Biographical
Lewes, George Henry (1817–78)
Lewes was a philosophical historian and journalist, an exponent of the ideas of Auguste Comte, Goethe, Aristotle, Spinoza, Hegel and Kant, and author of the five-volume Problems of ...
Biographical
Lewis, Clarence Irving (1883–1964)
The American philosopher C.I. Lewis held that in all knowledge there are two elements: that which is presented to sense and the construction or interpretation which represents the ...
Biographical
Lewis, David Kellogg (1941–2001)
David Lewis has made extremely important and influential contributions to many topics in metaphysics, philosophical logic, the philosophy of science, the philosophy of mind, the philosophy of language, ...
Biographical
Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph (1742–99)
Lichtenberg was a German mathematician, physicist and astronomer, a highly successful university teacher in the field of experimental physics and a prolific writer of essays on scientific and ...
Biographical
Linnaeus, Carl von (1707–78)
Linnaeus was educated in Sweden, and became a doctor of medicine in Harderwijk, Holland, in 1735. He visited other European countries then, but he never left Sweden after ...
Biographical
Llull, Ramon (1232–1316)
One of the most extraordinary figures of thirteenth-century Europe, Llull was a self-taught lay theologian and philosopher, chiefly concerned with reforming Christian society and converting unbelievers. Details of ...