Biographical
Husserl, Edmund (1859–1938)
Through his creation of phenomenology, Edmund Husserl was one of the most influential philosophers of our century. He was decisive for most of contemporary continental philosophy, and he ...
Search Results 2,626 - 2,650 of 3,996. Results contain 16,179 matches
Biographical
Hutcheson, Francis (1694–1746)
Francis Hutcheson is best known for his contributions to moral theory, but he also contributed to the development of aesthetics. Although his philosophy owes much to John Locke’s ...
Biographical
Hutcheson, Francis (1694–1746)
Francis Hutcheson was an Irish–Scottish moral philosopher. He is best known for his epistemological claim that a disinterested moral sense is the source of our ideas of moral ...
Biographical
Ibn al-‘Arabi, Muhyi al-Din (1164–1240)
Ibn al-‘Arabi was a mystic who drew on the writings of Sufis, Islamic theologians and philosophers in order to elaborate a complex theosophical system akin to that of ...
Biographical
Ibn Bajja, Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Yahya ibn as-Say’igh (d. 1138)
Ibn Bajja’s philosophy may be summed up in two words; al-ittisal (conjunction) and al-tawahhud (solitude). Conjunction is union with the divine realm, a union that reveals ...
Biographical
Ibn Daud, Abraham (c.1110–c.1180)
Ibn Daud was born in Cordoba and died in Toledo. In Jewish texts he is known as Rabad, an acronym of his Hebrew name, Rabbi Abraham ben David. ...
Biographical
Ibn Gabirol, Solomon (1021/2–57/8)
Ibn Gabirol was an outstanding exemplar of the Judaeo–Arabic symbiosis of medieval Muslim Spain, a poet as well as the author of prose works in both Hebrew and ...
Biographical
Ibn Kammuna (d. 1284)
Physician and man of letters, Ibn Kammuna left a number of writings on philosophy and religion. His treatise comparing Judaism, Christianity and Islam caused major rioting in Baghdad, ...
Biographical
Ibn Khaldun, ‘Abd al-Rahman (1332–1406)
Ibn Khaldun’s work on the philosophy of history is a landmark of social thought. Many historians – Greek, Roman, Muslim and other – had written valuable historiography, but ...
Biographical
Ibn Masarra, Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah (883–931)
Muhammad ibn Masarra is said to be responsible for the first structuring of Andalusian Spanish Muslim philosophy. The thrust of his philosophy was to show the agreement between ...
Biographical
Ibn Miskawayh, Ahmad ibn Muhammad (c.940–1030)
Like so many of his contemporaries in the fourth and fifth centuries AH (tenth and eleventh centuries ad) Ibn Miskawayh was eclectic in philosophy, basing his ...
Biographical
Ibn Paquda, Bahya (fl. early 12th century)
Bahya ibn Paquda, the chief exponent of Jewish pietism, gave that ecumenical strand of thought and practice a markedly philosophical cast, preferring the intellectual to the fideistic side ...
Biographical
Ibn Rushd, Abu’l Walid Muhammad (1126–98)
Ibn Rushd (Averroes) is regarded by many as the most important of the Islamic philosophers. A product of twelfth-century Islamic Spain, he set out to integrate Aristotelian philosophy ...
Biographical
Ibn Sina, Abu ‘Ali al-Husayn (980–1037)
Ibn Sina (Avicenna) is one of the foremost philosophers in the Medieval Hellenistic Islamic tradition that also includes al-Farabi and Ibn Rushd. His philosophical theory is a comprehensive, ...
Biographical
Ibn Tufayl, Abu Bakr Muhammad (before 1110–85)
Ibn Tufayl’s thought can be captured in his only extant work, Hayy Ibn Yaqzan (The Living Son of the Vigilant), a philosophical treatise in a charming literary form. ...
Biographical
Ibn Tzaddik, Joseph ben Jacob (d. 1149)
Joseph ibn Tzaddik was a thinker firmly within the Neoplatonic tradition of Jewish philosophy. He argued that through knowledge of our own body we understand the natural world, ...
Biographical
Il’enkov, Eval’d Vasil’evich (1924–79)
Eval’d Il’enkov advanced a distinctive brand of Hegelian Marxism that was influential in the rejuvenation of Soviet philosophy after Stalin. Il’enkov draws on Hegel and Marx to argue ...
Biographical
Il’in, Ivan Aleksandrovich (1883–1954)
Educated in law and philosophy in the first years of the twentieth century at Moscow University and several Western European universities, Il’in produced an important two-volume commentary on ...
Biographical
Ingarden, Roman Witold (1893–1970)
Ingarden was a leading exponent of phenomenology and one of the most outstanding Polish philosophers. Representing an objectivist approach within phenomenology he stressed that phenomenology employs a variety ...
Biographical
Iqbal, Muhammad (1877–1938)
Muhammad Iqbal was an outstanding poet-philosopher, perhaps the most influential Muslim thinker of the twentieth century. His philosophy, though eclectic and showing the influence of Muslims thinkers such ...
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Biographical
Irigaray, Luce (1930–)
Luce Irigaray holds doctorates in both linguistics and philosophy, and has practised as a psychoanalyst for many years. Author of over twenty books, she has established a reputation ...
Biographical
Israeli, Isaac ben Solomon (c.855–955)
A pioneering Jewish philosopher and a physician, Isaac Israeli was among the very first medieval Jewish writers to formulate a philosophy employing Greek sources. He based his metaphysics ...
Biographical
Jacobi, Friedrich Heinrich (1743–1819)
Polemicist and literary figure, Jacobi was an outspoken and effective defender of individualism. He accused philosophers of conceptualizing existence according to the requirements of explanation, thus allowing no ...
Biographical
James, William (1842–1910)
The American William James was motivated to philosophize by a desire to provide a philosophical ground for moral action. Moral effort presupposes that one has free will, that ...
Biographical
Jaspers, Karl (1883–1969)
Karl Jaspers is generally known as an existentialist, but he also developed interesting conceptions in other fields of philosophy: in philosophy of religion, the concepts of Transcendence, cipher ...